일만년전 전부터 인류의 주거지 역활을 했다는 호븐위프 국립공원,
이곳을 둘러보면서 참 특이한 부분을 발견했다.
이곳 역시 나바호 인디언의 과할 구역인데도 불구하고
건축 양식이 그야말로 온갖 종류는 다 갖다놓은 집합체 였다.
주니의 건축,
신대륙 당시의 건축방법,
나바호 건축 방식,,
없는게 없다.
이곳은 세월이 흐르면서 모든 사람들의 안식처였나보다.
이곳은 유타주와 콜로라도주 코르데스의 서쪽에 자리하고 있다.
1923년3월2일 국립 공원으로 지정된 이곳은 우리말로 황폐한 계곡이란 뜻이다.
The name Hovenweep is a Ute word meaning "deserted valley." It refers to a series of small river valleys that feed into lower McElmo Creek and the San Juan River from Cajon Mesa on the Utah-Colorado border. Although this region was probably visited by nomadic hunters as long as 14,000 years ago, it was the Anasazi who occupied this area from about 500 to 1300 AD and who built the masonry towers and pueblos which the Monument protects. These structures were discovered in 1854, more than 30 years before the more famous cliff dwellings at nearby Mesa Verde. Hovenweep was set aside as a National Monument in 1923 for protection and preservation.
These structures at Hovenweep are numerous and varied. Some are square, some D-shaped, some round, some almost four stories tall. The exact purpose of the towers is uncertain, but guesses include celestial observatories, defensive structures, storage facilities, civil buildings, communications towers and ceremonial buildings. only limited archeological work has been done at Hovenweep. None of the structures have been rebuilt and remain standing after 700 years.
The Anasazi were very successful dry farmers. They terraced their land into farmable plots, formed catch basins to hold water and built check dams to retain soil that would normally wash off the cliffs by erosion.
By the end of the thirteenth century, the people of Hovenweep and the surrounding region (such as Mesa Verde and Kayenta) packed up and disappeared from the region moving southward. Several theories have been proposed as reasons for the Anasazi's departure, including drought, overpopulation and disease.
The six major Hovenweep site groups are located within a 20-mile drive of each other along the Utah-Colorado border. These units vary greatly in size, the largest of which is the 400-acre Square Tower Group. Both this group, where the Ranger Station is located, and Cajon Ruins are located in Utah. The Colorado sites are Holly Ruins, Hackberry Canyon, Cutthroat Castle and Goodman Point. Altogether, Hovenweep National Monument encompasses 785 acres.
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